Set 13 Mains Clerical English
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Online Mock Test – 13
- English (Ques 1 to 40)
Time Duration 35 minutes.
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Question 1 of 40
1. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
Which of the following is false according to the passage?
Correct
Incorrect
-
Question 2 of 40
2. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
Which of the following would correctly reflect the position regarding the two approaches to technology adoption?
Correct
Refer the first sentence of the last paragraph “In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy.”
Incorrect
Refer the first sentence of the last paragraph “In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy.”
-
Question 3 of 40
3. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
Which of the following has the same meaning as the word ‘ generation’ as it has been used in-the passage?
Correct
Here ‘ Phase’ is going correctly and similar with the word ‘ generation’ in the context of the passage.
Incorrect
Here ‘ Phase’ is going correctly and similar with the word ‘ generation’ in the context of the passage.
-
Question 4 of 40
4. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
Which of the following features of technology has been highlighted most prominently by the author of the passage?
Correct
The author has highlighted the two approaches that have been described in the entire passage.
Incorrect
The author has highlighted the two approaches that have been described in the entire passage.
-
Question 5 of 40
5. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
What does the author want to highlight by using the example ‘ apparel to aerospace’ and ‘ steel to software’?
Correct
The author wanted to highlight the widespread of technological innovations, as indicated in the first sentence of the passage, “From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening.”
Incorrect
The author wanted to highlight the widespread of technological innovations, as indicated in the first sentence of the passage, “From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening.”
-
Question 6 of 40
6. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
What, according to the author, is adding to the pressure on the companies?
Correct
Refer the third sentence of the first paragraph “Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment.”
Incorrect
Refer the third sentence of the first paragraph “Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment.”
-
Question 7 of 40
7. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
What is the immediate effect, according to the passage, if a company does not innovate?
Correct
Refer the second sentence of the first paragraph “No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive.”
Incorrect
Refer the second sentence of the first paragraph “No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive.”
-
Question 8 of 40
8. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
What, according to the author, is the major drawback of the breakthrough approach of technological innovation?
Correct
Refer the second sentence of the last paragraph “Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies.”
Incorrect
Refer the second sentence of the last paragraph “Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies.”
-
Question 9 of 40
9. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
Which of the following is the correct way, according to the author, of spending money on research?
Correct
Refer the last sentence of the first paragraph “The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.”
Incorrect
Refer the last sentence of the first paragraph “The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.”
-
Question 10 of 40
10. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
From ‘apparel to aerospace’, ‘steel to software’, the pace of technological innovation is quickening. No longer can companies afford to miss generation of technology and expect to remain competitive. Adding to the pressure, innovations are increasingly crossing industry boundaries; a new fiber developed by the textile industry has potential for building materials and medical equipment. Some companies are adept at using a diversity of technologies to create new products that transform markets. But many others are floundering because they rely on a technology strategy that no longer works in such a fast changing environment. The difference between success and failure is not how much a company spends on research and development (R&D), but how it approaches it.
There are two possible approaches. Either a company can invest in R&D that replaces an older generation of technology the ‘break through’ approach-or its focus on combining existing technologies into hybrid technologies – the ‘technologies fusion’ approach. It blends incremental technical improvements from several previously separate field of technology to create products that revolutionise markets.
In a world where the old maxim ‘one technology one industry’ no longer applies, a singular breakthrough strategy is inadequate; companies need to include both the breakthrough and fusion approaches in their technology strategy. Relying on breakthroughs alone fails because it focuses the R&D efforts to narrowly, ignoring the possibilities of combining technologies. Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.
Why do Western companies avoid the technology fusion approach?
Correct
Refer the last two sentences of the passage “Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.”
Incorrect
Refer the last two sentences of the passage “Yet many western companies still rely almost exclusively – on the breakthrough approach. The reasons are complex: a distrust of outside innovations and not-invented here engineering and arrogance and aversion to sharing research results.”
-
Question 11 of 40
11. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on. When the demand for basic and more essential consumer goods is more or less met, demand for the next higher level of consumer goods begins to impinge on consumer decision making and their consumption increases. There is thus a hierarchy of income levels and a hierarchy of consumer goods. As incomes rise and one approaches the turning point referred to, there is an upward movement along the hierarchy in the demand for consumer goods which exhibits itself in a relative increase in the demand for these goods.
If one examines the past consumption behaviour of households in India, one finds confirmation of the proposition just made. Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods. About the same time the rising trend in the share of food in total consumption expenditure also begins to decline, raising the proportion of expenditure on non-food consumer goods. Simultaneously one also notices a sharper rise in the proportion of expenditure on consumer durables. Thus, what one sees is an upward movement in consumer demand along the hierarchy of consumer goods which amounts to a major change in consumer behaviour. There are two features of this change to which attention particularly needs to be drawn.
If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand. This is particularly unfortunate because it affects the poorer segments of the population, whose need to increase consumption of protective foods is being thwarted by an excessive rise in prices. In the Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage. Whereas it is important to meet the demand for agricultural inputs to sustain the impetus of food grain production and to reduce the regional imbalance in agriculture development, the thrust of agricultural policy now must be more on increasing availability of protective food at reasonable prices.As income rises in a poor country like India, the poor people concentrate on increasing their consumption of
Correct
Refer the first two sentences of the passage “In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on.”
Incorrect
Refer the first two sentences of the passage “In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on.”
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Question 12 of 40
12. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on. When the demand for basic and more essential consumer goods is more or less met, demand for the next higher level of consumer goods begins to impinge on consumer decision making and their consumption increases. There is thus a hierarchy of income levels and a hierarchy of consumer goods. As incomes rise and one approaches the turning point referred to, there is an upward movement along the hierarchy in the demand for consumer goods which exhibits itself in a relative increase in the demand for these goods.
If one examines the past consumption behaviour of households in India, one finds confirmation of the proposition just made. Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods. About the same time the rising trend in the share of food in total consumption expenditure also begins to decline, raising the proportion of expenditure on non-food consumer goods. Simultaneously one also notices a sharper rise in the proportion of expenditure on consumer durables. Thus, what one sees is an upward movement in consumer demand along the hierarchy of consumer goods which amounts to a major change in consumer behaviour. There are two features of this change to which attention particularly needs to be drawn.
If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand. This is particularly unfortunate because it affects the poorer segments of the population, whose need to increase consumption of protective foods is being thwarted by an excessive rise in prices. In the Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage. Whereas it is important to meet the demand for agricultural inputs to sustain the impetus of food grain production and to reduce the regional imbalance in agriculture development, the thrust of agricultural policy now must be more on increasing availability of protective food at reasonable prices.Whenever there is a decline in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals
Correct
Refer the second sentence of the second paragraph “Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods.”
Incorrect
Refer the second sentence of the second paragraph “Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods.”
-
Question 13 of 40
13. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on. When the demand for basic and more essential consumer goods is more or less met, demand for the next higher level of consumer goods begins to impinge on consumer decision making and their consumption increases. There is thus a hierarchy of income levels and a hierarchy of consumer goods. As incomes rise and one approaches the turning point referred to, there is an upward movement along the hierarchy in the demand for consumer goods which exhibits itself in a relative increase in the demand for these goods.
If one examines the past consumption behaviour of households in India, one finds confirmation of the proposition just made. Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods. About the same time the rising trend in the share of food in total consumption expenditure also begins to decline, raising the proportion of expenditure on non-food consumer goods. Simultaneously one also notices a sharper rise in the proportion of expenditure on consumer durables. Thus, what one sees is an upward movement in consumer demand along the hierarchy of consumer goods which amounts to a major change in consumer behaviour. There are two features of this change to which attention particularly needs to be drawn.
If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand. This is particularly unfortunate because it affects the poorer segments of the population, whose need to increase consumption of protective foods is being thwarted by an excessive rise in prices. In the Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage. Whereas it is important to meet the demand for agricultural inputs to sustain the impetus of food grain production and to reduce the regional imbalance in agriculture development, the thrust of agricultural policy now must be more on increasing availability of protective food at reasonable prices.For the poor, the basic consumer goods include items like
Correct
Refer the first few lines of the first paragraph “For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on.”
Incorrect
Refer the first few lines of the first paragraph “For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on.”
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Question 14 of 40
14. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on. When the demand for basic and more essential consumer goods is more or less met, demand for the next higher level of consumer goods begins to impinge on consumer decision making and their consumption increases. There is thus a hierarchy of income levels and a hierarchy of consumer goods. As incomes rise and one approaches the turning point referred to, there is an upward movement along the hierarchy in the demand for consumer goods which exhibits itself in a relative increase in the demand for these goods.
If one examines the past consumption behaviour of households in India, one finds confirmation of the proposition just made. Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods. About the same time the rising trend in the share of food in total consumption expenditure also begins to decline, raising the proportion of expenditure on non-food consumer goods. Simultaneously one also notices a sharper rise in the proportion of expenditure on consumer durables. Thus, what one sees is an upward movement in consumer demand along the hierarchy of consumer goods which amounts to a major change in consumer behaviour. There are two features of this change to which attention particularly needs to be drawn.
If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand. This is particularly unfortunate because it affects the poorer segments of the population, whose need to increase consumption of protective foods is being thwarted by an excessive rise in prices. In the Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage. Whereas it is important to meet the demand for agricultural inputs to sustain the impetus of food grain production and to reduce the regional imbalance in agriculture development, the thrust of agricultural policy now must be more on increasing availability of protective food at reasonable prices.Prices of protective food have risen because
Correct
Refer the first sentence of the third paragraph “If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc.) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand.”
Incorrect
Refer the first sentence of the third paragraph “If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc.) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand.”
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Question 15 of 40
15. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below it.
In a poor country like India, as income rises people first concentrate on increasing their consumption of what they regard as basic or more essential consumer goods. For the poor, these goods would primarily include cereals and for people at successive levels of higher income protective foods, simple non-food consumer goods, more modern, better quality non-food consumer goods and simple consumer durables, better quality consumer goods, and so on. When the demand for basic and more essential consumer goods is more or less met, demand for the next higher level of consumer goods begins to impinge on consumer decision making and their consumption increases. There is thus a hierarchy of income levels and a hierarchy of consumer goods. As incomes rise and one approaches the turning point referred to, there is an upward movement along the hierarchy in the demand for consumer goods which exhibits itself in a relative increase in the demand for these goods.
If one examines the past consumption behaviour of households in India, one finds confirmation of the proposition just made. Until the mid-seventies one notices a rise in the proportion of consumption expenditure on cereals, and thereafter, a steady decline reflecting a progressive increase in the relative expenditure on non-cereal or protective foods. About the same time the rising trend in the share of food in total consumption expenditure also begins to decline, raising the proportion of expenditure on non-food consumer goods. Simultaneously one also notices a sharper rise in the proportion of expenditure on consumer durables. Thus, what one sees is an upward movement in consumer demand along the hierarchy of consumer goods which amounts to a major change in consumer behaviour. There are two features of this change to which attention particularly needs to be drawn.
If we examine the price behaviour of food items over the past several years, we find that the prices of protective foods (edible oils, pulses, sugar, meat, fish etc) have been rising more sharply than those of cereals on account of an inadequate supply response to the increase in demand. This is particularly unfortunate because it affects the poorer segments of the population, whose need to increase consumption of protective foods is being thwarted by an excessive rise in prices. In the Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage. Whereas it is important to meet the demand for agricultural inputs to sustain the impetus of food grain production and to reduce the regional imbalance in agriculture development, the thrust of agricultural policy now must be more on increasing availability of protective food at reasonable prices.In the approach to the seventh plan, the overall impression was that priority should be given to
Correct
Refer the second last sentence of the passage “Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage”
Incorrect
Refer the second last sentence of the passage “Approach to the Seventh Plan, importance was given to edible oils, pulses and some of the other protective foods but the overall impression created was that food grains still hold the centre of the stage”
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Question 16 of 40
16. Question
Category: EnglishSelect the phrase/connector (STARTERS) from the given three options which can be used to form a single sentence from the two sentences given below, implying the same meaning as expressed in the statement sentences.(1) News of detente, talks with South Korea and potential Olympic medals have clearly focused attention on the Korean peninsula.
(2) The children of North Korean women in China, most of whom have been trafficked out of the sealed state into illegal marriages, prostitution and slavery, live stateless on the fringes of society, unrecognized as citizens or even refugees.
(I)Although news of détente, talks…
(II)Notwithstanding that news of détente…
(III)As the children of North Korean women…Correct
Both the starters (I) and (II) can be used to form the meaningful sentence without altering the intended meaning of the two statements. It is to be noted that both the conjunctions “ Although ” and “ Notwithstanding ”, mean the same i.e. in spite of the fact that; even though . In the given case, both these conjunctions give a contextual meaning to the given sentences. Hence (c) is the correct choice.
(I) Although news of detente, talks with South Korea and potential Olympic medals have clearly focused attention on the Korean peninsula, the children of North Korean women in China, most of whom have been trafficked out of the sealed state into illegal marriages, prostitution and slavery, live stateless on the fringes of society, unrecognized as citizens or even refugees.
(II) Notwithstanding that news of detente, talks with South Korea and potential Olympic medals have clearly focused attention on the Korean peninsula, the children of North Korean women in China, most of whom have been trafficked out of the sealed state into illegal marriages, prostitution and slavery, live stateless on the fringes of society, unrecognized as citizens or even refugees.Incorrect
Both the starters (I) and (II) can be used to form the meaningful sentence without altering the intended meaning of the two statements. It is to be noted that both the conjunctions “ Although ” and “ Notwithstanding ”, mean the same i.e. in spite of the fact that; even though . In the given case, both these conjunctions give a contextual meaning to the given sentences. Hence (c) is the correct choice.
(I) Although news of detente, talks with South Korea and potential Olympic medals have clearly focused attention on the Korean peninsula, the children of North Korean women in China, most of whom have been trafficked out of the sealed state into illegal marriages, prostitution and slavery, live stateless on the fringes of society, unrecognized as citizens or even refugees.
(II) Notwithstanding that news of detente, talks with South Korea and potential Olympic medals have clearly focused attention on the Korean peninsula, the children of North Korean women in China, most of whom have been trafficked out of the sealed state into illegal marriages, prostitution and slavery, live stateless on the fringes of society, unrecognized as citizens or even refugees. -
Question 17 of 40
17. Question
Category: EnglishSelect the phrase/connector (STARTERS) from the given three options which can be used to form a single sentence from the two sentences given below, implying the same meaning as expressed in the statement sentences.(1) We hope that the Indian family continues to be stronger than in most countries and provides a caring environment for the elderly.
(2) It can’t be the basis for our ability to support the elderly.
(I)While we hope that Indian family…
(II)Hoping that the Indian family can’t be the basis…
(III)To support the elderly, we hope that…Correct
Only the first starter can be used to form a meaningful sentence connecting both the given statements without altering their intended meanings.
(I) While we hope that the Indian family continues to be stronger than in most countries and provides a caring environment for the elderly, it can’t be the basis for our ability to support the elderly.Incorrect
Only the first starter can be used to form a meaningful sentence connecting both the given statements without altering their intended meanings.
(I) While we hope that the Indian family continues to be stronger than in most countries and provides a caring environment for the elderly, it can’t be the basis for our ability to support the elderly. -
Question 18 of 40
18. Question
Category: EnglishFive statements are given below, labeled (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). Among these, four statements are in logical order and form a coherent paragraph. From the given options, choose the option that does not fit into the theme of the paragraph.
Correct
Sentences in the sequence of dabc form a coherent paragraph. The paragraph is about the prospects of the Asia-Pacific in 2018 as compared to 2017. However, the sentence (e) finds no attachment with any of the other given sentences. It is about the terrorist organizations like IS and al-Qaeda which have no relevance with the given paragraph. Hence the option (e) is the correct choice of elimination.
Incorrect
Sentences in the sequence of dabc form a coherent paragraph. The paragraph is about the prospects of the Asia-Pacific in 2018 as compared to 2017. However, the sentence (e) finds no attachment with any of the other given sentences. It is about the terrorist organizations like IS and al-Qaeda which have no relevance with the given paragraph. Hence the option (e) is the correct choice of elimination.
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Question 19 of 40
19. Question
Category: EnglishFive statements are given below, labeled (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). Among these, four statements are in logical order and form a coherent paragraph. From the given options, choose the option that does not fit into the theme of the paragraph.
Correct
Sentences in the sequence of aecd form a coherent paragraph. The paragraph is about the historical evidences that suggested the decisions taken in history to clean up the electoral funding. However, the sentence (b) is out of the context as it doesn’t make any connection with the other sentences. The subject “ It ” in the sentence finds no proper relevance in the paragraph. Hence option (b) is the correct choice of elimination.
Incorrect
Sentences in the sequence of aecd form a coherent paragraph. The paragraph is about the historical evidences that suggested the decisions taken in history to clean up the electoral funding. However, the sentence (b) is out of the context as it doesn’t make any connection with the other sentences. The subject “ It ” in the sentence finds no proper relevance in the paragraph. Hence option (b) is the correct choice of elimination.
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Question 20 of 40
20. Question
Category: EnglishFive statements are given below, labeled (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). Among these, four statements are in logical order and form a coherent paragraph. From the given options, choose the option that does not fit into the theme of the paragraph.
Correct
Sentences in the sequence of cbea form a coherent paragraph which is about the comparisons of economic growth by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee (FOMC). However, the statement (d) seems to be irrelevant owing to its subject on the oil price impact. Hence option (d) is the correct choice of elimination.
Incorrect
Sentences in the sequence of cbea form a coherent paragraph which is about the comparisons of economic growth by the Federal Reserve Open Market Committee (FOMC). However, the statement (d) seems to be irrelevant owing to its subject on the oil price impact. Hence option (d) is the correct choice of elimination.
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Question 21 of 40
21. Question
Category: EnglishIn the question given below, there are four sentences. Choose the sentence which is grammatically correct as your answer. If all the given sentences are grammatically incorrect or require correction in all the sentences, choose (E) i.e. “All are incorrect” as your answer.
Correct
Sentence (d) is grammatically correct.
Sentence (a): ‘find’ or ‘found’ is the correct use instead of ‘founded’.
Sentence (b): The use of ‘all’ is superfluous.
Sentence (c): ‘started’ should be used in place of ‘start’ as after ‘have/ has/ had’, the third form of the verb is used.
Incorrect
Sentence (d) is grammatically correct.
Sentence (a): ‘find’ or ‘found’ is the correct use instead of ‘founded’.
Sentence (b): The use of ‘all’ is superfluous.
Sentence (c): ‘started’ should be used in place of ‘start’ as after ‘have/ has/ had’, the third form of the verb is used.
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Question 22 of 40
22. Question
Category: EnglishIn the question given below, there are four sentences. Choose the sentence which is grammatically correct as your answer. If all the given sentences are grammatically incorrect or require correction in all the sentences, choose (E) i.e. “All are incorrect” as your answer.
Correct
Sentence (b): ‘believed’ is the correct use in place of ‘believes’ as the sentence is in the past tense.
Sentence (c): ‘that’ will be used in place of ‘if’ as ‘if’ is used in conditional sentences.
Sentence (d): ‘We will take up’ will be used in place of ‘we take up’ as ‘in the next morning’ used in the sentence indicates that the action will occur in future.Incorrect
Sentence (b): ‘believed’ is the correct use in place of ‘believes’ as the sentence is in the past tense.
Sentence (c): ‘that’ will be used in place of ‘if’ as ‘if’ is used in conditional sentences.
Sentence (d): ‘We will take up’ will be used in place of ‘we take up’ as ‘in the next morning’ used in the sentence indicates that the action will occur in future. -
Question 23 of 40
23. Question
Category: EnglishIn the question given below, there are four sentences. Choose the sentence which is grammatically correct as your answer. If all the given sentences are grammatically incorrect or require correction in all the sentences, choose (E) i.e. “All are incorrect” as your answer.
Correct
Sentence (b): The use of article ‘a’ is wrong. Article ‘the’ will be used as it is used for definite object.
Sentence (c): ‘reasons’ will be used in place of ‘reason’ as here ‘are’ is used, which is a plural verb.
Sentence (d): Here preposition ‘in’ will be used in place of ‘of’ as ‘rich in’ means ‘having much.Incorrect
Sentence (b): The use of article ‘a’ is wrong. Article ‘the’ will be used as it is used for definite object.
Sentence (c): ‘reasons’ will be used in place of ‘reason’ as here ‘are’ is used, which is a plural verb.
Sentence (d): Here preposition ‘in’ will be used in place of ‘of’ as ‘rich in’ means ‘having much. -
Question 24 of 40
24. Question
Category: EnglishIn the question given below, there are four sentences. Choose the sentence which is grammatically correct as your answer. If all the given sentences are grammatically incorrect or require correction in all the sentences, choose (E) i.e. “All are incorrect” as your answer.
Correct
Sentence (a): ‘would not have interrupted’ is the correct use instead of ‘would not interrupt’ as for unfulfilled wish, condition, desire of past, ‘if+ Subject+ had+ V3, subject+ would + have + V3’ or ‘had+ subject+ V3, Subject+ would+ have+ V3’ is used.
Sentence (c): ‘mind my coming’ will be used in place of ‘mind me coming’ as here ‘coming’ is a Gerund which takes possessive adjective ‘my’ before it.
Sentence (d): ‘deeply’ is the correct use instead of ‘deep’ as ‘deep’ is an adjective that can only be used to describe the quality of a noun while ‘deeply’ is an adverb which can only be used to modify a verb.Incorrect
Sentence (a): ‘would not have interrupted’ is the correct use instead of ‘would not interrupt’ as for unfulfilled wish, condition, desire of past, ‘if+ Subject+ had+ V3, subject+ would + have + V3’ or ‘had+ subject+ V3, Subject+ would+ have+ V3’ is used.
Sentence (c): ‘mind my coming’ will be used in place of ‘mind me coming’ as here ‘coming’ is a Gerund which takes possessive adjective ‘my’ before it.
Sentence (d): ‘deeply’ is the correct use instead of ‘deep’ as ‘deep’ is an adjective that can only be used to describe the quality of a noun while ‘deeply’ is an adverb which can only be used to modify a verb. -
Question 25 of 40
25. Question
Category: EnglishIn the question given below, there are four sentences. Choose the sentence which is grammatically correct as your answer. If all the given sentences are grammatically incorrect or require correction in all the sentences, choose (E) i.e. “All are incorrect” as your answer.
Correct
Sentence (a): ‘grandmothers’ is the correct use instead of ‘grandmother’ as plural noun is used after the expression ‘one of the’.
Sentence (b): ‘employees’ will be used in place of ‘employee’ as if countable noun is used after ‘all, some, most’ then it is always plural.
Sentence (d): ‘causes’ is the correct use as the subject ‘the saliva’ is singular.Incorrect
Sentence (a): ‘grandmothers’ is the correct use instead of ‘grandmother’ as plural noun is used after the expression ‘one of the’.
Sentence (b): ‘employees’ will be used in place of ‘employee’ as if countable noun is used after ‘all, some, most’ then it is always plural.
Sentence (d): ‘causes’ is the correct use as the subject ‘the saliva’ is singular. -
Question 26 of 40
26. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the provided blanks in the sentence respectively to make the sentence grammatically correct. Choose the most appropriate set of words that makes the sentence contextually and grammatically correct.An assessment by the Wildlife Institute of India _______________ that tigers in at least 26 reserves _____________ the destructive_____________ of roads and traffic.Correct
‘states, face, impact’ is the correct set of words making the sentence meaningful.
Accost means approach and address (someone) boldly or aggressively.
Concussion means a violent shock as from a heavy blow.Incorrect
‘states, face, impact’ is the correct set of words making the sentence meaningful.
Accost means approach and address (someone) boldly or aggressively.
Concussion means a violent shock as from a heavy blow. -
Question 27 of 40
27. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the provided blanks in the sentence respectively to make the sentence grammatically correct. Choose the most appropriate set of words that makes the sentence contextually and grammatically correct.The ______________ death of Bajirao, one of India’s breeding tigers from the Bor reserve in Maharashtra, on a highway is a reminder that building _____________ roads through wildlife habitats has a terrible ______________.Correct
‘tragic, unsuitable, cost’ is the correct choice among the given options.
Futile means incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
Tragic means causing or characterized by extreme distress or sorrow.Incorrect
‘tragic, unsuitable, cost’ is the correct choice among the given options.
Futile means incapable of producing any useful result; pointless.
Tragic means causing or characterized by extreme distress or sorrow. -
Question 28 of 40
28. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the provided blanks in the sentence respectively to make the sentence grammatically correct. Choose the most appropriate set of words that makes the sentence contextually and grammatically correct.The recent protests which _____________ around Iran in the ______________ days of 2017 and early 2018 represented the largest public display of _______________ in Iran since the 2009 Green Movement.Correct
‘spread, waning, discontent’ is the correct set of words making the sentence meaningful.
Empathy means the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
Sagging means decline to a lower level, usually temporarily.
Waning means (of a state or feeling) decrease in vigour or extent; become weaker.Incorrect
‘spread, waning, discontent’ is the correct set of words making the sentence meaningful.
Empathy means the ability to understand and share the feelings of another.
Sagging means decline to a lower level, usually temporarily.
Waning means (of a state or feeling) decrease in vigour or extent; become weaker. -
Question 29 of 40
29. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the provided blanks in the sentence respectively to make the sentence grammatically correct. Choose the most appropriate set of words that makes the sentence contextually and grammatically correct.______________ rural economic anxieties _______________ a political voice, the expectation is that the Budget will ______________ on agriculture.Correct
‘with, acquiring, focus’ is the correct choice.
Dissuade means persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.
Endeavor means try hard to do or achieve something.Incorrect
‘with, acquiring, focus’ is the correct choice.
Dissuade means persuade (someone) not to take a particular course of action.
Endeavor means try hard to do or achieve something. -
Question 30 of 40
30. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following sentence there are three blank spaces. Below each sentence there are five options and each option consists of three words which can be filled up in the provided blanks in the sentence respectively to make the sentence grammatically correct. Choose the most appropriate set of words that makes the sentence contextually and grammatically correct.The high MSP ____________ that the increase in food grain production in the four-year ____________, 42 million metric tonnes, was more than double of what had been ______________.Correct
‘ensured, period, targeted’ is the correct choice among others making the sentence meaningful.
Coveted means yearn to possess.
Clinch means confirm or settle (a contract or bargain).
Strive means struggle or fight vigorously.
Contemplate means look thoughtfully for a long time at.Incorrect
‘ensured, period, targeted’ is the correct choice among others making the sentence meaningful.
Coveted means yearn to possess.
Clinch means confirm or settle (a contract or bargain).
Strive means struggle or fight vigorously.
Contemplate means look thoughtfully for a long time at. -
Question 31 of 40
31. Question
Category: EnglishThe sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.(A)Not only is Indian women’s labour-force participation among the lowest in the world, research suggests it may be declining.
(B)Indian women’s labour force participation, at just 27 per cent, is ranked 170 out of the world’s 188 economies.
(C)There are many reasons why this matter: For one, women cannot contribute to India’s economic growth if they are not fully participating in the workforce.
(D)This is despite rising education levels and declining fertility.
(E)Also, working women tend to have greater bargaining power in their households, which could translate to better outcomes both for their children and themselves.Correct
Among the given options, it is quite easy to decide that the sentence (B) should be the first sentence of the paragraph. It should be followed by the sentence (A) as both are talking about the same subject. Sentences (C) and (E) form a combination, with (E) being the last statement of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of BADCE form a coherent paragraph which is about Indian women’s labour force participation. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Among the given options, it is quite easy to decide that the sentence (B) should be the first sentence of the paragraph. It should be followed by the sentence (A) as both are talking about the same subject. Sentences (C) and (E) form a combination, with (E) being the last statement of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of BADCE form a coherent paragraph which is about Indian women’s labour force participation. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
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Question 32 of 40
32. Question
Category: EnglishThe sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.(A)The waste cleaned up by these plants has to undergo a final cleansing in the river.
(B)Moreover, even sewage treatment plants (STPs) can do so much.
(C)According to the National Mission for Clean Ganga website, nearly 12,000 million litres of sewage is generated every day in the Ganga basin.
(D)Barely a third of this waste is treated; the rest flows into the river.
(E)The volume of muck might actually be even greater because large parts of cities like Haridwar, Varanasi and Kanpur are not even connected to the sewage network, and their waste remains unaccounted for.
(F)But with more than 40 dams, weirs and barrages checking the Ganga’s flow along its 2,500 km journey, not even a martinet’s command can make the river clean sewage.Correct
Among the given options, the sentence (C) should be considered the starting sentence of the paragraph. Sentences (C), (D) and (E) form a chain which follow one after the other giving a logical flow to the paragraph. The sentence (F) should be the concluding sentence of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of CDEBAF form a coherent paragraph. Hence (a) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Among the given options, the sentence (C) should be considered the starting sentence of the paragraph. Sentences (C), (D) and (E) form a chain which follow one after the other giving a logical flow to the paragraph. The sentence (F) should be the concluding sentence of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of CDEBAF form a coherent paragraph. Hence (a) is the correct choice.
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Question 33 of 40
33. Question
Category: EnglishThe sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.(A)Access to bank loans is disproportionately tied to access to land, as land and buildings provide strong collateral support for most bank loans.
(B)This is India’s financial misallocation problem.
(C)The underlying cause behind the financial misallocation is distortion in the land market, with less efficient firms accessing more land, and more bank loans.
(D)Growth requires more efficient firms to produce more output and use more factors of production, including greater access to bank loans.
(E)Unfortunately, less efficient firms manage to access more bank loans, leaving less room for growth of more efficient firms.
(F)This is not a problem for the service industry, which is less land-intensive.Correct
Sentences (D) and (E) form a combination following one after the other. Moreover, the sentence (D) should begin the sentence as no other statements give a better start to the paragraph. Similarly, sentences (B) and (C) form a chain that would lead other sentences (A) and (F) to follow. Thus, sentences in the sequence of DEBCAF form a coherent paragraph which is about India’s financial misallocation problem. Hence option (d) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Sentences (D) and (E) form a combination following one after the other. Moreover, the sentence (D) should begin the sentence as no other statements give a better start to the paragraph. Similarly, sentences (B) and (C) form a chain that would lead other sentences (A) and (F) to follow. Thus, sentences in the sequence of DEBCAF form a coherent paragraph which is about India’s financial misallocation problem. Hence option (d) is the correct choice.
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Question 34 of 40
34. Question
Category: EnglishThe sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.(A)A few weeks ago, a scientific claim linking canola oil to Alzheimer’s disease risk raised an intriguing question.
(B)When it comes to healthy eating, do we have to choose between the head and the heart?
(C)In other words, is it possible that foods promoted as good for cardiovascular health, such as canola oil, are bad for the brain?
(D)There’s surprisingly little information out there on what to eat for brain health.
(E)Why wouldn’t scientists want to focus on maintaining the seat of consciousness, memory, creativity, love, learning and joy, as opposed to a glorified pump?
(F)The vast majority of nutrition research is aimed at the heart.Correct
Sentences (A), (B) and (C) form a proper sequence with (A) being the beginning sentence of the paragraph as the question raised in the first statement is fulfilled in the form of statements (B) and (C). Sentences (D) and (F) form another combination with (F) following the former. The sentence (E) should be the concluding sentence of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of ABCDFE form a coherent paragraph which is about the healthy eating habits considering the diseases related to the head and the heart. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Sentences (A), (B) and (C) form a proper sequence with (A) being the beginning sentence of the paragraph as the question raised in the first statement is fulfilled in the form of statements (B) and (C). Sentences (D) and (F) form another combination with (F) following the former. The sentence (E) should be the concluding sentence of the paragraph. Thus, sentences in the sequence of ABCDFE form a coherent paragraph which is about the healthy eating habits considering the diseases related to the head and the heart. Hence option (b) is the correct choice.
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Question 35 of 40
35. Question
Category: EnglishThe sentences given in each of the following questions, when properly sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labeled with a letter. From among the five choices given below each question, choose the most logical order of sentences that construct a coherent paragraph.(A)Gabaix’s unified theory is based on limited human attention.
(B)That kind of economizing is called bounded rationality, a term coined by polymathic social scientist Herbert Simon, himself a recipient of the Nobel.
(C)Because keeping track of this flood of information is very costly, it makes sense to think that people economize on what they pay attention to.
(D)Standard economic theory requires that consumers and businesspeople pay close attention to a vast array of prices, quantities and other information.Correct
The sentence (A) should begin the sentence as it initiates the central theme of the paragraph. Sentences (D) and (C) are complementary and the sentence (C) follows the former to bring out the reason. The sentence (B) is an automatic choice for conclusion. Thus, sentences in the sequence of ADCB form a coherent paragraph which is about Gabaix’s unified economic theory. Hence (e) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
The sentence (A) should begin the sentence as it initiates the central theme of the paragraph. Sentences (D) and (C) are complementary and the sentence (C) follows the former to bring out the reason. The sentence (B) is an automatic choice for conclusion. Thus, sentences in the sequence of ADCB form a coherent paragraph which is about Gabaix’s unified economic theory. Hence (e) is the correct choice.
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Question 36 of 40
36. Question
Category: EnglishIn the following paragraph, there is a set of four highlighted words against each number indicated in bold in the beginning of the sentences. One of the given words in each set may or may not fit into the statement. Choose the word which is not suitable in the context of the paragraph. If all the four words are correct and feasible, choose (E) i.e. “No error” as your answer.(136) The government’s move to rethink the Floor Space Index (FSI) limitation on how high buildings could go is welcome. (137)Dense towns with mixed-land use is the way to go, to minimise commutes and conserve energy. The proper question is not whether to revise the FSI, but whether to do away with it altogether. (138) It is not at all preposterous to suggest that a city can manage without a maximum FSI stipulation. FSI conspiring to limit the built-up space over a given area of land, so that there issufficient space available for common amenities. (139) FSI is, if best, a tool that can address the availability of amenities indirectly. (140) If, instead of an FSI limitation, the building code were to say that, for every sq. m of built-up space, so many sq m of parking, road, common area, so many schools, commercial spaces, hospitals, drudgery facilities, etc, must be available, that would make for individual building plans to dovetail into overall town planning that makes urban life far more productive and energy efficient.Correct
The use of the word ‘ could’ is wrong as the sentence is in present tense; so ‘ can’ will be used here.
Incorrect
The use of the word ‘ could’ is wrong as the sentence is in present tense; so ‘ can’ will be used here.
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Question 37 of 40
37. Question
Category: EnglishIn the following paragraph, there is a set of four highlighted words against each number indicated in bold in the beginning of the sentences. One of the given words in each set may or may not fit into the statement. Choose the word which is not suitable in the context of the paragraph. If all the four words are correct and feasible, choose (E) i.e. “No error” as your answer.(136) The government’s move to rethink the Floor Space Index (FSI) limitation on how high buildings could go is welcome. (137)Dense towns with mixed-land use is the way to go, to minimise commutes and conserve energy. The proper question is not whether to revise the FSI, but whether to do away with it altogether. (138) It is not at all preposterous to suggest that a city can manage without a maximum FSI stipulation. FSI conspiring to limit the built-up space over a given area of land, so that there issufficient space available for common amenities. (139) FSI is, if best, a tool that can address the availability of amenities indirectly. (140) If, instead of an FSI limitation, the building code were to say that, for every sq. m of built-up space, so many sq m of parking, road, common area, so many schools, commercial spaces, hospitals, drudgery facilities, etc, must be available, that would make for individual building plans to dovetail into overall town planning that makes urban life far more productive and energy efficient.Correct
The sentence is grammatically correct.
Incorrect
The sentence is grammatically correct.
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Question 38 of 40
38. Question
Category: EnglishIn the following paragraph, there is a set of four highlighted words against each number indicated in bold in the beginning of the sentences. One of the given words in each set may or may not fit into the statement. Choose the word which is not suitable in the context of the paragraph. If all the four words are correct and feasible, choose (E) i.e. “No error” as your answer.(136) The government’s move to rethink the Floor Space Index (FSI) limitation on how high buildings could go is welcome. (137)Dense towns with mixed-land use is the way to go, to minimise commutes and conserve energy. The proper question is not whether to revise the FSI, but whether to do away with it altogether. (138) It is not at all preposterous to suggest that a city can manage without a maximum FSI stipulation. FSI conspiring to limit the built-up space over a given area of land, so that there issufficient space available for common amenities. (139) FSI is, if best, a tool that can address the availability of amenities indirectly. (140) If, instead of an FSI limitation, the building code were to say that, for every sq. m of built-up space, so many sq m of parking, road, common area, so many schools, commercial spaces, hospitals, drudgery facilities, etc, must be available, that would make for individual building plans to dovetail into overall town planning that makes urban life far more productive and energy efficient.Correct
Here the use of ‘ conspiring’ is wrong as it is not making the sentence valid and meaningful. ‘ seeks’ would be the appropriate word here that means attempt or desire to obtain or achieve.
Incorrect
Here the use of ‘ conspiring’ is wrong as it is not making the sentence valid and meaningful. ‘ seeks’ would be the appropriate word here that means attempt or desire to obtain or achieve.
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Question 39 of 40
39. Question
Category: EnglishIn the following paragraph, there is a set of four highlighted words against each number indicated in bold in the beginning of the sentences. One of the given words in each set may or may not fit into the statement. Choose the word which is not suitable in the context of the paragraph. If all the four words are correct and feasible, choose (E) i.e. “No error” as your answer.(136) The government’s move to rethink the Floor Space Index (FSI) limitation on how high buildings could go is welcome. (137)Dense towns with mixed-land use is the way to go, to minimise commutes and conserve energy. The proper question is not whether to revise the FSI, but whether to do away with it altogether. (138) It is not at all preposterous to suggest that a city can manage without a maximum FSI stipulation. FSI conspiring to limit the built-up space over a given area of land, so that there issufficient space available for common amenities. (139) FSI is, if best, a tool that can address the availability of amenities indirectly. (140) If, instead of an FSI limitation, the building code were to say that, for every sq. m of built-up space, so many sq m of parking, road, common area, so many schools, commercial spaces, hospitals, drudgery facilities, etc, must be available, that would make for individual building plans to dovetail into overall town planning that makes urban life far more productive and energy efficient.Correct
The use of preposition ‘ if’ is incorrect here, ‘ at’ is the correct use as ‘ if’ is used for a conditional sentence. The given sentence is a factual sentence and not a conditional one.
Incorrect
The use of preposition ‘ if’ is incorrect here, ‘ at’ is the correct use as ‘ if’ is used for a conditional sentence. The given sentence is a factual sentence and not a conditional one.
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Question 40 of 40
40. Question
Category: EnglishIn the following paragraph, there is a set of four highlighted words against each number indicated in bold in the beginning of the sentences. One of the given words in each set may or may not fit into the statement. Choose the word which is not suitable in the context of the paragraph. If all the four words are correct and feasible, choose (E) i.e. “No error” as your answer.(136) The government’s move to rethink the Floor Space Index (FSI) limitation on how high buildings could go is welcome. (137)Dense towns with mixed-land use is the way to go, to minimise commutes and conserve energy. The proper question is not whether to revise the FSI, but whether to do away with it altogether. (138) It is not at all preposterous to suggest that a city can manage without a maximum FSI stipulation. FSI conspiring to limit the built-up space over a given area of land, so that there issufficient space available for common amenities. (139) FSI is, if best, a tool that can address the availability of amenities indirectly. (140) If, instead of an FSI limitation, the building code were to say that, for every sq. m of built-up space, so many sq m of parking, road, common area, so many schools, commercial spaces, hospitals, drudgery facilities, etc, must be available, that would make for individual building plans to dovetail into overall town planning that makes urban life far more productive and energy efficient.Correct
Here ‘ drudgery’ is wrong as it means hard menial or dull work. Hence the word that is similar to ‘hospitals, schools, commercial spaces’ should be used here. ‘ Recreation’ that means activity done for enjoyment when one is not working, can make the sentence meaningful.
Incorrect
Here ‘ drudgery’ is wrong as it means hard menial or dull work. Hence the word that is similar to ‘hospitals, schools, commercial spaces’ should be used here. ‘ Recreation’ that means activity done for enjoyment when one is not working, can make the sentence meaningful.
Leaderboard: Set 13 Mains Clerical English
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