Set 04 Mains Clerical English
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Online Mock Test – 4
- English (Ques 1 to 40)
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Question 1 of 40
1. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end thefervent nationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.The author is in a position to draw parallels between New Imperialism and New Mercantilism because
Correct
Solution: Refer the second and third sentences of the third paragraph “The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor.”
Incorrect
Solution: Refer the second and third sentences of the third paragraph “The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor.”
-
Question 2 of 40
2. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end thefervent nationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.According to the author, the British policy during the ‘New Imperialism’ period tended to be defensive because
Correct
Solution: Refer the third sentence of the first paragraph “ A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America.”
Incorrect
Solution: Refer the third sentence of the first paragraph “ A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America.”
-
Question 3 of 40
3. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end the ferventnationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.In the sentence, “They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.” (fourth paragraph), what is the meaning of ‘centre’?
Correct
Solution: Referring the fourth paragraph, it may mean metropolis or corporate hub.
Incorrect
Solution: Referring the fourth paragraph, it may mean metropolis or corporate hub.
-
Question 4 of 40
4. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end the ferventnationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.Under New Mercantilism, the fervent nationalism of the native middle classes does not create conflict with the multinational corporations because they (the middle classes)
Correct
Solution: Refer the fourth paragraph of the passage.Incorrect
Solution: Refer the fourth paragraph of the passage. -
Question 5 of 40
5. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end the ferventnationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.Choose the word/group of words which ismost similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Alienation
Correct
Solution: Alienation means make (someone) feel isolated or estranged. Hence it has same meaning as estrange.
Accretion means growth or increase by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.
Permeate means spread throughout (something); pervade.
Spacious means having ample space.Incorrect
Solution: Alienation means make (someone) feel isolated or estranged. Hence it has same meaning as estrange.
Accretion means growth or increase by the gradual accumulation of additional layers or matter.
Permeate means spread throughout (something); pervade.
Spacious means having ample space. -
Question 6 of 40
6. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end the ferventnationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Fervent
Correct
Solution: Fervent means having or displaying a passionate intensity. Hence it has similar meaning as profound.
Proffer means hold out or put forward (something) to someone for acceptance.Incorrect
Solution: Fervent means having or displaying a passionate intensity. Hence it has similar meaning as profound.
Proffer means hold out or put forward (something) to someone for acceptance. -
Question 7 of 40
7. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The viability of the multinational corporate system depends upon the degree to which people will tolerate the unevenness it creates. It is well to remember that the ‘New Imperialism’ which began after 1870 in a spirit of Capitalism Triumphant, soon became seriously troubled and after 1914 was characterized by war, depression, breakdown of the international economic system and war again, rather than Free Trade, Pax Britannica and Material Improvement. A major reason was Britain’s inability to cope with the by-products of its own rapid accumulation of capital; i.e., a class-conscious labour force at home; a middle class in the hinterland; and rival centres of capital on the Continent and in America. Britain’s policy tended to be atavistic and defensive rather than progressive- more concerned with warding off new threats than creating new areas of expansion. Ironically, Edwardian England revived the paraphernalia of the landed aristocracy it had just destroyed. Instead of embarking on a ‘big push’ to develop the vast hinterland of the Empire, colonial administrators often adopted policies to arrest the development of either a native capitalist class or a native proletariat which could overthrow them.
As time went on, the centre had to devote an increasing share of government activity to military and other unproductive expenditures; they had to rely on alliances with an inefficient class of landlords, officials and soldiers in the hinterland to maintain stability at the cost of development. A great part of the surplus extracted from the population was thus wasted locally.
The New Mercantilism (as the Multinational Corporate System of special alliances and privileges, aid and tariff concessions is sometimes called) faces similar problems of internal and external division. The centre is troubled: excluded groups revolt and even some of the affluent are dissatisfied with the roles. Nationalistic rivalry between major capitalist countries remains an important divisive factor. Finally, there is the threat presented by the middle classes and the excluded groups of the underdeveloped countries. The national middle classes in the underdeveloped countries came to power when the centre weakened but could not, through their policy of import substitution manufacturing, establish a viable basis for sustained growth. They now face a foreign exchange crisis and an unemployment (or population) crisis -the first indicating their inability to function in the international economy and the second indicating their alienation from the people they are supposed to lead. In the immediate future, these national middle classes will gain a new lease of life as they take advantage of the spaces created by the rivalry between American and non-American oligopolists striving to establish global market positions.
The native capitalists will again become the champions of national independence as they bargain with multinational corporations. But the conflict at this level is more apparent than real, for in the end the ferventnationalism of the middle class asks only for promotion within the corporate structure and not for a break with that structure. In the last analysis their power derives from the metropolis and they cannot easily afford to challenge the international system. They do not command the loyalty of their own population and cannot really compete with the large, powerful, aggregate capitals from the centre. They are prisoners of the taste patterns and consumption standards set at the centre.
The main threat comes from the excluded groups. It is not unusual in underdeveloped countries for the top 5 per cent to obtain between 30 and 40 per cent of the total national income, and for the top one-third to obtain anywhere from 60 to 70 per cent. At most, one-third of the population can be said to benefit in some sense from the dualistic growth that characterizes development in the hinterland. The remaining two-thirds, who together get only one-third of the income, are outsiders, not because they do not contribute to the economy, but because they do not share in the benefits. They provide a source of cheap labour which helps keep exports-to the developed world at a low price and which has financed the urban-biased growth of recent years. In fact, it is difficult to see how the system in most underdeveloped countries could survive without cheap labour since removing it (e.g. diverting it to public works projects as is done in socialist countries) would raise consumption costs to capitalists and professional elites.Choose the word/group of words which ismost opposite in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
AtavisticCorrect
Solution: Atavistic means relating to or characterized by reversion to something ancient or ancestral. Hence it has opposite meaning as developed.
Dissension means disagreement that leads to discord.Incorrect
Solution: Atavistic means relating to or characterized by reversion to something ancient or ancestral. Hence it has opposite meaning as developed.
Dissension means disagreement that leads to discord. -
Question 8 of 40
8. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.When a culture is insecure, the painter chooses his subject on the basis of:
Correct
Solution: Refer the first sentence of the second last paragraph “When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society.”
Incorrect
Solution: Refer the first sentence of the second last paragraph “When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society.”
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Question 9 of 40
9. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.In the sentence, “I believe there is a connection” (second paragraph), what two developments is the author referring to?
Correct
Solution: Refer the first paragraph of the passage.
Incorrect
Solution: Refer the first paragraph of the passage.
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Question 10 of 40
10. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.Which of the following is NOT necessarily among the attributes needed for a painter to succeed:
Correct
Solution: Refer the first two sentences of the fifth paragraph “Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning.”
Incorrect
Solution: Refer the first two sentences of the fifth paragraph “Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning.”
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Question 11 of 40
11. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.In the context of the passage, which of the following statements would NOT be true?
Correct
Solution: Refer sixth paragraph for option (b), seventh paragraph for option (c) and last few lines of the fifth paragraph for option (d).
Incorrect
Solution: Refer sixth paragraph for option (b), seventh paragraph for option (c) and last few lines of the fifth paragraph for option (d).
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Question 12 of 40
12. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.Which of the following views is taken by the author?
Correct
The more insecure a culture, the greater the freedom of the artist.
Incorrect
The more insecure a culture, the greater the freedom of the artist.
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Question 13 of 40
13. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.Choose the word/group of words which is most opposite in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Accrue
Correct
Solution: Accrue means be received by someone in regular or increasing amounts over time. Hence it has opposite meaning as dissipate.
Accost means approach and address (someone) boldly or aggressively.
Callous means showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others.
Frost mans freeze.Incorrect
Solution: Accrue means be received by someone in regular or increasing amounts over time. Hence it has opposite meaning as dissipate.
Accost means approach and address (someone) boldly or aggressively.
Callous means showing or having an insensitive and cruel disregard for others.
Frost mans freeze. -
Question 14 of 40
14. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Precede
Correct
Solution: Precede means come before in order or position. Hence it has same meaning as antecedent.
Filiation means the fact of being descended or derived from something.Incorrect
Solution: Precede means come before in order or position. Hence it has same meaning as antecedent.
Filiation means the fact of being descended or derived from something. -
Question 15 of 40
15. Question
Category: EnglishRead the following passage carefully and answer the questions given below them. Certain words/phrases have been printed in bold to help you locate them while answering some of the questions.
The painter is now free to paint anything he chooses. There are scarcely any forbidden subjects, and today everybody is prepared to admit that a painting of some fruit can be as important as a painting of a hero dying. The Impressionists did as much as anybody to win this previously unheard-of freedom for the artist. Yet, by the next generation, painters began to abandon the subject altogether, and began to paint abstract pictures. Today the majority of pictures painted are abstract.
Is there a connection between these two developments? Has art gone abstract because the artist is embarrassed by his freedom? Is it that, because he is free to paint anything, he doesn’t know what to paint? Apologists for abstract art often talk of it as the art of maximum freedom. But could this be the freedom of the desert island? It would take too long to answer these questions properly. I believe there is a connection. Many things have encouraged the development of abstract art. Among them has been the artists’ wish to avoid the difficulties of finding subjects when all subjects are equally possible.
I raise the matter now because I want to draw attention to the fact that the painter’s choice of a subject is a far more complicated question than it would at first seem. A subject does not start with what is put in front of the easel or with something which the painter happens to remember. A subject starts with the painter deciding he would like to paint such-and-such because for some reason or other he finds it meaningful. A subject begins when the artist selects something for special mention. (What makes it special or meaningful may seem to the artist to be purely visual its colours or its form.) When the subject has been selected, the function of the painting itself is to communicate and justify the significance of that selection.
It is often said today that subject matter is unimportant. But this is only a reaction against the excessively literary and moralistic interpretation of subject matter in the nineteenth century. In truth the subject is literally the beginning and end of a painting. The painting begins with a selection (I will paint this and not everything else in the world); it is finished when that selection is justified (now you can see all that I saw and felt in this and how it is more than merely itself).
Thus, for a painting to succeed it is essential that the painter and his public agree about what is significant. The subject may have a personal meaning for the painter or individual spectator; but there must also be the possibility of their agreement on its general meaning. It is at this point that the culture of the society and period in question precedes the artist and his art. Renaissance art would have meant nothing to the Aztecs and vice versa. If, to some extent, a few intellectuals can appreciate them both today it is because their culture is an historical one: its inspiration is history and therefore it can include within itself, in principle if not in every particular, all known developments to date.
When a culture is secure and certain of its values, it presents its artists with subjects. The general agreement about what is significant is so well established that the significance of a particular subject accrues and becomes traditional. This is true, for instance, of reeds and water in China, of the nude body in Renaissance, of the animal in Africa. Furthermore, in such cultures the artist is unlikely to be a free agent: he will be employed for the sake of particular subjects, and the problem, as we have just described it, will not occur to him.
When a culture is in a state of disintegration or transition the freedom of the artist increases-but the question of subject matter becomes problematic for him: he, himself, has to choose for society. This was at the basis of all the increasing crises in European art during the nineteenth century. It is too often forgotten how many of the art scandals of that time were provoked by the choice of subject (Gericault, Courbet, Daumier, Degas, Lautrec, Van Gogh, etc.).
By the end of the nineteenth century there were, roughly speaking, two ways in which the painter could meet this challenge of deciding what to paint and so choosing for society. Either he identified himself with the people and so allowed their lives to dictate his subjects to him; or he had to find his subjects within himself as painter. By people I mean everybody except the bourgeoisie. Many painters did of course work for the bourgeoisie according to their copy-book of approved subjects, but all of them, filling the Salon and the Royal Academy year after year, are now forgotten, buried under the hypocrisy of those they served so sincerely.Choose the word/group of words which is most similar in meaning to the word/group of words printed in bold as used in the passage.
Encouraged
Correct
Solution: Encouraged means give support, confidence, or hope to (someone). Hence it has same meaning as invigorate.
Solicit means request
Inundate means overwhelm (someone) with things or people to be dealt with.
Ameliorate means make better.Incorrect
Solution: Encouraged means give support, confidence, or hope to (someone). Hence it has same meaning as invigorate.
Solicit means request
Inundate means overwhelm (someone) with things or people to be dealt with.
Ameliorate means make better. -
Question 16 of 40
16. Question
Category: EnglishWhich of the words/phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the words/phrases given in bold in the following sentences to make it meaningful and grammatically correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark (E) as the answer.
U.S. President Donald Trump quashed decades of policy on Wednesday and supported Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, despite warnings from around the world that the message will further drive a wedge between Israel and the Palestinians.Correct
Solution: Option (d) is the correct choice.
Quashed means reject as invalid, especially by legal procedure.
Vetoed means to refuse to accept or allow.Incorrect
Solution: Option (d) is the correct choice.
Quashed means reject as invalid, especially by legal procedure.
Vetoed means to refuse to accept or allow. -
Question 17 of 40
17. Question
Category: EnglishWhich of the words/phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the words/phrases given in bold in the following sentences to make it meaningful and grammatically correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark (E) as the answer.
An Indian Army UAV that submerged into the Chinese side of the border was on a regular training mission and lost contact with ground control due to technical problem, the Ministry of Defence said in New Delhi in a statement. It also claimed that “as per standard treaty, the Indian border security personnel immediately alerted their Chinese peers to locate the UAV”.Correct
Solution:
Counterparts means a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another person or thing in a different place or situation.
Rammed means roughly force (something) into place.
Concord means an agreement or harmony between people or groups.Incorrect
Solution:
Counterparts means a person or thing that corresponds to or has the same function as another person or thing in a different place or situation.
Rammed means roughly force (something) into place.
Concord means an agreement or harmony between people or groups. -
Question 18 of 40
18. Question
Category: EnglishWhich of the words/phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the words/phrases given in bold in the following sentences to make it meaningful and grammatically correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark (E) as the answer.
Mr. Divan has pressed for dates in the first or second week of January, immediately after Christmas holidays. He suggestedthat the government should promise that no intimidating steps would be taken by the government or its agencies against Aadhaar holders till the court takes a final decision on the power of the Aadhaar scheme.Correct
Solution: Coercive means relating to or using force or threats.
Incorrect
Solution: Coercive means relating to or using force or threats.
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Question 19 of 40
19. Question
Category: EnglishWhich of the words/phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the words/phrases given in bold in the following sentences to make it meaningful and grammatically correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark (E) as the answer.
Ask any Indian millenarian what their parents had to say about buying a house and you’re likely to hear the same things. From philosophical answers like your own roof over your head and a small garden in the balcony to retire in, to thesentimental ones like hosting their children’s million pre-wedding functions or simply keeping Sharmaji’s comfortingcomments at bay.Correct
Solution: Millennial means a person reaching young adulthood in the early 21st century.
Extravagant means lacking restraint in spending money or using resources.
Chiliad means a thousand years; a millennium.Incorrect
Solution: Millennial means a person reaching young adulthood in the early 21st century.
Extravagant means lacking restraint in spending money or using resources.
Chiliad means a thousand years; a millennium. -
Question 20 of 40
20. Question
Category: EnglishWhich of the words/phrases (A), (B), (C) and (D) given below should replace the words/phrases given in bold in the following sentences to make it meaningful and grammatically correct. If the sentence is correct as it is and ‘No correction is required’, mark (E) as the answer.
The Centre had announced a 2.11 lakh crore recapitalisation plan for PSU banks, of which ₹1.35 lakh crore would be raised through recapitalisation bonds. Vibrate under the pressure of poor asset quality over the last three years, these banks have seen their capital dissolve. Apart from making allocation for bad loans, the lenders would need capital to meet the Basel-III norms and to support their business growth.Correct
Solution: Reeling means lose one’s balance and stagger or lurch violently.
Palpitating means (of the heart) beat rapidly, strongly, or irregularly.
Totter means move in a feeble or unsteady way.Incorrect
Solution: Reeling means lose one’s balance and stagger or lurch violently.
Palpitating means (of the heart) beat rapidly, strongly, or irregularly.
Totter means move in a feeble or unsteady way. -
Question 21 of 40
21. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following questions, various sentences are given and you have to choose the one which has some or any grammatical error in it.1. Had I realized how deeply you were committed to completing this work by today, I would not interrupt you so often.
2. My children have grown up loving poetry and word play.
3. They point to the big toe first and then go along the line.
4. While we waited for our lunch someone pulled out a book – it was Spike Milligan again, and she was soon reading out loud.
5. I bought a beautifully illustrated book of poetry at a charity sale today.
Correct
Solution: ‘would not have interrupted’ will be used in place of ‘would not interrupt’ as for unfulfilled wish, condition, desire of past, ‘if + subject + had + V3, subject + would+ have + V3’ is used.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘would not have interrupted’ will be used in place of ‘would not interrupt’ as for unfulfilled wish, condition, desire of past, ‘if + subject + had + V3, subject + would+ have + V3’ is used.
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Question 22 of 40
22. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following questions, various sentences are given and you have to choose the one which has some or any grammatical error in it.1. When driving along bush roads I am always looking to the sides for the slippery suckers.
2. Being that he is interested in getting himself examined by a heart specialist we must try our best to take him to a reputed doctor.
3. Even one year olds learn to squeal in anticipation and are playing the game long before they can say the words.
4. Often they have very ordinary topics relating to country life, as until quite recently more people lived in the countryside than in towns and big cities.
5. I wonder if the teacher would have read it to us if he had known that it was composed during a drug induced delirium?
Correct
Solution: ‘because, since, as’ will be used in place of ‘being that’.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘because, since, as’ will be used in place of ‘being that’.
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Question 23 of 40
23. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the following questions, various sentences are given and you have to choose the one which has some or any grammatical error in it.1. The activity of the day wears us out, and there is no television to keep us up.
2. We are always early to bed and early to rise when camping.
3. We simply love sitting around at night talking about ‘stuff’ we don’t get to talk about in our everyday life and laugh and tell jokes.
4. However, it is all worth the effort as we love it and happily I have not yet seen a snake.
5. I know he is having a lot of books on how to improve English.Correct
Solution: ‘has’ will be used in place of ‘is having’ as verbs telling about possession or ownership is used in simple tense, not in continuous tense.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘has’ will be used in place of ‘is having’ as verbs telling about possession or ownership is used in simple tense, not in continuous tense.
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Question 24 of 40
24. Question
Category: EnglishRearrange the following sentences to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions that follow.
If Sentence (B), “U.S. President Donald Trump’s decision to recognise Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, despite warnings at home and abroad, will worsen the Israel-Palestine conflict.” is the first sentence, what is the order of other sentences after rearrangement?(A) Israel built its seat of power in West Jerusalem decades ago and occupied the East during the 1967 war, and later annexed it.
(B) U.S. President Donald Trump’s decision to recognise Jerusalem as the capital of Israel, despite warnings at home and abroad, will worsen the Israel-Palestine conflict.
(C) By breaking with this consensus, Mr. Trump has in effect endorsed the Israeli claims to East Jerusalem.
(D) Palestinians insist that East Jerusalem should be the capital of their future state.
(E) Even though there is a Congressional resolution in the U.S. urging Washington to relocate its embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, previous American Presidents avoided doing so given the legal, ethical and political implications of the issue, besides their commitment to a negotiated two-state settlement.
(F) Jerusalem, which houses holy places of all three Abrahamic religions and is claimed by both Israelis and Palestinians, is at the very heart of the dispute.Correct
Solution: As mentioned in the question, if sentence (B) is the first sentence then the correct order of other sentences after rearrangement FADEC.
Incorrect
Solution: As mentioned in the question, if sentence (B) is the first sentence then the correct order of other sentences after rearrangement FADEC.
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Question 25 of 40
25. Question
Category: EnglishRearrange the following sentences to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions that follow.
If Sentence (A), “India acquired its first submarine, the INS Kalvari, on December 8, 1967, six years after the Navy acquired its first aircraft carrier in 1961.” is the first sentence, what is the order of other sentences after rearrangement?(A) India acquired its first submarine, the INS Kalvari, on December 8, 1967, six years after the Navy acquired its first aircraft carrier in 1961.
(B) This level of professional accomplishment in the underwater domain has been realised against many odds and much of this has been possible due to the dedication and rigorous professionalism of the human resource that lies at the core of the submarine arm, from its formative years to where it is now poised.
(C) Concurrently, the Navy is also invested in building conventional boats in India through partnership programmes with foreign suppliers.
(D) Thus it is appropriate that the President’s Colours will be presented to the dolphin arm on Friday in Visakhapatnam.
(E) For the record, India is the first country in the world to move straight to designing and building an SSBN, without moving up the scale from conventional boats and then SSNs.
(F) In the intervening decades, the nation and its Navy have graduated to designing and indigenously building SSBNs — the INS Arihant.Correct
Solution: As mentioned in the question, if sentence (A) is the first sentence then the correct order of other sentences after rearrangement FCEBD.
Incorrect
Solution: As mentioned in the question, if sentence (A) is the first sentence then the correct order of other sentences after rearrangement FCEBD.
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Question 26 of 40
26. Question
Category: EnglishRearrange the following sentences to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions that follow.
If sentence (B), “Please understand this, we haven’t time to make this change gradually.” is the last sentence of the paragraph, then which of the following sentences does not fit into the paragraph formed after rearranging other sentences?(A) And that has been going on; people have said you must change, you must act, you must change your mind, your heart, you must be something totally different.
(B) Please understand this, we haven’t time to make this change gradually.
(C) And we have reached a point when we have no time at all.
(D) This has been preached for thousands of years by men who were serious, very earnest, as well as by charlatans who were out to exploit people.
(E) Everybody is responsible for war because we are human beings and we have created wars; that’s part of our life.
(F) For man to change radically, fundamentally, there must be a mutation in the very brain cells of his mind.Correct
Solution: As mentioned in the question, sentence (B) “Please understand this, we haven’t time to make this change gradually” is the last sentence of the paragraph. Going through the sentences, we can conclude that sentences FADC form a coherent paragraph talking about the man to change, who have no time today for make the change in himself while sentence (E) talks about human beings creating wars making it unrelated to the other sentences.
Incorrect
Solution: As mentioned in the question, sentence (B) “Please understand this, we haven’t time to make this change gradually” is the last sentence of the paragraph. Going through the sentences, we can conclude that sentences FADC form a coherent paragraph talking about the man to change, who have no time today for make the change in himself while sentence (E) talks about human beings creating wars making it unrelated to the other sentences.
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Question 27 of 40
27. Question
Category: EnglishRearrange the following sentences to form a meaningful paragraph and then answer the questions that follow.
If sentence (D), “In the July-September quarter consumption expenditure grew 6.5%, the weakest growth rate recorded in eight quarters.” is the last sentence of the paragraph, then which of the following sentences does not fit into the paragraph formed after rearranging other sentences?(A) Rural wage growth has weakened which, in turn, dragged down the overall growth in private consumption expenditure.
(B) The slowdown in rural wage growth is linked to the difficulty experienced in construction and manufacturing sectors.
(C) Expectedly, RBI’s fifth monetary policy for the financial year left key interest rate unchanged at 6%.
(D) In the July-September quarter consumption expenditure grew 6.5%, the weakest growth rate recorded in eight quarters.
(E) But of more significance was the story coming out of the agricultural sector, the source of livelihood for close to half the population.
(F) Its analysis showed that the central bank expects inflation rate to rise a tad over the next few months.Correct
Solution: As mentioned in the question, sentence (D), “In the July-September quarter consumption expenditure grew 6.5%, the weakest growth rate recorded in eight quarters.” is the last sentence of the paragraph. Sentences CFEA form a coherent paragraph talking about the analysis of keeping the interest rate unchanged, that expects inflation rate to rise, unease of farming, weakening of rural wage growth. Sentence (B) talks about reason behind slowdown in rural wage growth, which fails to connect with other sentences. Hence option (c) is the right choice.
Incorrect
Solution: As mentioned in the question, sentence (D), “In the July-September quarter consumption expenditure grew 6.5%, the weakest growth rate recorded in eight quarters.” is the last sentence of the paragraph. Sentences CFEA form a coherent paragraph talking about the analysis of keeping the interest rate unchanged, that expects inflation rate to rise, unease of farming, weakening of rural wage growth. Sentence (B) talks about reason behind slowdown in rural wage growth, which fails to connect with other sentences. Hence option (c) is the right choice.
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Question 28 of 40
28. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the question given below a word is given in bold. Each word is followed by four sentences which contains that word. You have to choose the sentence in which this word is not used properly and is making it incorrect contextually
INFLAMMABLECorrect
Solution: The use of the word ‘inflammable’ is wrong in sentence (a) as inflammable means flammable and not “not flammable” which makes it contextually wrong.
This mistake is very common for a very good reason: It just makes sense! As we mentioned before, the prefix in- means “not,” so it would make sense for the word “inflammable” to mean “not flammable.” The problem, though, is that “inflammable” comes from the word “enflame.”Incorrect
Solution: The use of the word ‘inflammable’ is wrong in sentence (a) as inflammable means flammable and not “not flammable” which makes it contextually wrong.
This mistake is very common for a very good reason: It just makes sense! As we mentioned before, the prefix in- means “not,” so it would make sense for the word “inflammable” to mean “not flammable.” The problem, though, is that “inflammable” comes from the word “enflame.” -
Question 29 of 40
29. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the question given below a word is given in bold. Each word is followed by four sentences which contains that word. You have to choose the sentence in which this word is not used properly and is making it incorrect contextually
BEMUSEDCorrect
Solution: The use of bemused is incorrect in sentence (b). The correct word to be used here is ‘amused’. “Amused” and “bemused” look very similar, so it makes sense that people have started using the word “bemused” to mean amused in a calm way. What the word really means, though, is confused, puzzled or bewildered. It can sometimes also mean to be lost in thought.
Incorrect
Solution: The use of bemused is incorrect in sentence (b). The correct word to be used here is ‘amused’. “Amused” and “bemused” look very similar, so it makes sense that people have started using the word “bemused” to mean amused in a calm way. What the word really means, though, is confused, puzzled or bewildered. It can sometimes also mean to be lost in thought.
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Question 30 of 40
30. Question
Category: EnglishIn each of the question given below a word is given in bold. Each word is followed by four sentences which contains that word. You have to choose the sentence in which this word is not used properly and is making it incorrect contextually
INFERCorrect
Solution: The use of “infer” in statement (d) is incorrect. The word that must be used here is imply “instead”.
“Imply” does mean to suggest something, but “infer” means to figure something out that isn’t stated outright.
“Infer” and “imply” are connected in meaning, but they are not the same thing. If you tell someone, “Wow this bag is really heavy for me to carry all alone,” you are implying that you want help. You’re not directly asking for help, but you’re hinting at it.Incorrect
Solution: The use of “infer” in statement (d) is incorrect. The word that must be used here is imply “instead”.
“Imply” does mean to suggest something, but “infer” means to figure something out that isn’t stated outright.
“Infer” and “imply” are connected in meaning, but they are not the same thing. If you tell someone, “Wow this bag is really heavy for me to carry all alone,” you are implying that you want help. You’re not directly asking for help, but you’re hinting at it. -
Question 31 of 40
31. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: Option (a) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: Option (a) is the correct choice.
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Question 32 of 40
32. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: ‘blighted, ruined’ best suits the purpose.
Blighted means spoil or harm.Incorrect
Solution: ‘blighted, ruined’ best suits the purpose.
Blighted means spoil or harm. -
Question 33 of 40
33. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: ‘replace/ succeed’ is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘replace/ succeed’ is the correct choice.
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Question 34 of 40
34. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: ‘power/ control’ is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘power/ control’ is the correct choice.
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Question 35 of 40
35. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: Option (d) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: Option (d) is the correct choice.
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Question 36 of 40
36. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: ‘characteristic/ attribute’ is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘characteristic/ attribute’ is the correct choice.
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Question 37 of 40
37. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: ‘helm/ command’ is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘helm/ command’ is the correct choice.
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Question 38 of 40
38. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: Option (c) is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: Option (c) is the correct choice.
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Question 39 of 40
39. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: Option (b) is the correct choice.
Reckoning means contention for a place in a team or among the winners of a contest.Incorrect
Solution: Option (b) is the correct choice.
Reckoning means contention for a place in a team or among the winners of a contest. -
Question 40 of 40
40. Question
Category: EnglishIn the passage given below there are blanks which are to be filled with the options given below. Find out the appropriate pair of words in each case which can most suitably complete the sentence without altering the meaning of the statement. Both the pairs must fill the blank.
This month South Africa will have a rare ______________ ( 131) to break away from the difficult political legacy of corruption and governance failures that have __________ ( 132) its post-apartheid years. At a conference during December 16-20, the African National Congress will pick its candidate for party leader, and that person will go on to _________ ( 133) 10-year incumbent President Jacob Zuma. Whoever Mr. Zuma hands over the reins of _________ ( 134) to will be the favourite to become the country’s next President in 2019. But he or she will also inherit a troubled political system and a nervous, ________ ( 135) economy. Steadily rising unemployment, now nearly touching 28%, has been the chief _________ ( 136) of what some describe as Mr. Zuma’s “scandal-ridden decade” at the ________ ( 137) of the ANC. This has been, by most accounts, a period during which allegations of grand corruption and cronyism multiplied exponentially. Promising to root out this _________ ( 138) rot in institutional quality is one of two leading candidates: Deputy President Cyril Ramaphosa, a policy centrist and firm member of the party’s constitutionalist wing. The other serious candidate in the _________ ( 139) is Nkosazana Dlamini-Zuma, Mr. Zuma’s ex-wife, who was a minister ________ ( 140) several cabinets and chair of the African Union.Correct
Solution: ‘across/ over’ is the correct choice.
Incorrect
Solution: ‘across/ over’ is the correct choice.
Leaderboard: Set 04 Mains Clerical English
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